Palladium-Catalyzed Cross Couplings in Organic Synthesis
Three researchers share this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Professor Richard F. Heck, who has been working at University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA, Professor Ei-ichi Negishi, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA, and Professor (emeritus) Akira Suzuki, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences is rewarding the three chemists for: “palladium-catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis”. The discoveries by the three organic chemists have had a great impact on academic research, the development of new drugs and materials,
and are used in many industrial chemical processes for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other biologically active compounds. A background and description of their discoveries are given below.
and are used in many industrial chemical processes for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and other biologically active compounds. A background and description of their discoveries are given below.
Introduction
This year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry concerns the development of methods for palladiumcatalyzed formation of carbon-carbon bonds via so-called cross-coupling reactions. The formation of new carbon-carbon bonds is of central importance in organic chemistry and a prerequisite for all life on earth. Through the assembly of carbon atoms into chains, complex molecules, e.g. molecules of life, can be created. The importance of the synthesis of carboncarbon bonds is reflected by the fact that Nobel Prizes in Chemistry have previously been given to this area: The Grignard reaction (1912), the Diels-Alder reaction (1950), the Wittig reaction (1979), and olefin metathesis to Y. Chauvin, R. H. Grubbs, and R. R. Schrock (2005).
Transition metals in synthetic organic chemistry
During the second half of the 20th century, transition metals have come to play an important role in organic chemistry and this has led to the development of a large number of transition metal-catalyzed reactions for creating organic molecules. Transition metals have a unique ability to activate various organic compounds and through this activation they can catalyze the formation of new bonds...
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